bear的用法

2017-09-18 by 巴士英语 浏览【字体:   手机访问

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bear 英[beə] 美[ber]

bear作名词意思是“”,这个用法很容易掌握。但bear可以用作动词,关于bear作动词的用法就不好掌握了。bear第三人称单数:bears 复数:bears 现在分词:bearing 过去式:bore 过去分词:borne

一、bear作动词的释义

1、基本用法,作“承担; 忍受”的意思。例句:

She couldn’t bear the thought of losing him.失去他的情况她想都不敢想。

I can’t bear having pat dogs in the house. 家里有狗我可受不了。

How can you bear to stay with that fellow?

I couldn't bear his lying.无法忍受他的谎言

She can't bear being looked down upon by others.(她无法容忍被人瞧不起。)

She can't bear to be looked down upon by others.(她无法容忍被人瞧不起。)

She can't bear looking down upon others.(她无法容忍瞧不起别人(的行为)。)

They will have to bear the misery of living in constant fear of war.
他们不得不忍受长期生活在战争恐惧中的痛苦。

He bore his sufferings manfully. 他勇敢地面对苦难。

2、指留有特定的特征或标记。例句:

The houses bear the marks of bullet holes. 房子上散布着弹孔。

The room bore all the signs of a violent struggle. 这个房间留有激烈打斗的痕迹。

3、指讨厌、无法忍受某人或某事。例句:

I can't bear people who make judgements and label me.
我讨厌人们对我品头论足。

I can't bear having to think what I'm going to say.
我不愿意考虑将要说什么话。

He can't bear to talk about it, even to me.
他不想和别人谈论这件事,哪怕对我也是一样。

4、指“生育”的意思,例句:

Emma bore a son called Karl. 埃玛生了个儿子叫卡尔。

She bore him a daughter, Suzanna. 她给他生了个女儿,苏珊娜

5、指与人相处得好或不好。例句:

She bore no ill will. If people didn't like her, too bad.
她没有恶意。如果人们不喜欢她,那就太糟糕了。

I have lived with him on the best terms and bear him friendship.
我跟他住在一起,相处得非常不错,我把他当好朋友。

习惯用法及固定句型

1、bear down击败;努力;压制;全力以赴

If you really bear down, you will finish the task.如果你真的全力以赴,你就能完成这项工作

2、bear down on 逼近

The enemy warship tried to bear down on our small airboat.敌舰企图逼近我们的小汽艇。

3、bear on涉及;关于 (= bear upon)

What he says bears no relation to the problem under discussion.他所说的与正在讨论的问题毫无关系。

How does your remark bear on this construction plan?你的这番话与这一工程计划有什么关系?

4、bear out证实To prove right or justified; confirm: 证实证明是正确的或理所当然的;验证:

The test results bear out our claims.实验结果证实了我们是对的

5、bear down on:有害的或有负面影响:

Financial pressures are bearing down on them. 经济压力正在对他们产生影响。

Economic crisis is bearing down on them经济危机正在对他们产生影响

6、bear in mind:To hold in one's mind; remember: 铭记记在心里;记得;牢记在心

Bear in mind that bridges freeze before roads.记住,桥比路先结冰

You must bear in mind that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.你要记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生

7、bear up鼓起勇气,保持振作;振作; To withstand stress, difficulty, or attrition: 支撑忍受压力,困难或挫折:

The patient bore up well during the long illness.这个患者与长期的病痛顽强抗争

She is bearing up well under strain of losing her jod.她坚强地顶住了失业的压力。

8、bear with;容忍;忍耐;耐心对待

We have to bear with his bad temper these days. 这些日子我们不得不容忍他的坏脾气。

特别注意用法

This case bears investigation.这件案子需要调查

I can’t bear to leave him alone. 我不忍把他单独留下。

I can’t bear leaving him alone. 我不忍把他单独留下。

deserve, need, require, want这几个词的共同特点是:它们后面既可加不定式,也可加动名词,意义相同。但是,表示被动时,动名词依然使用主动形式,不定式则变成被动形式。其中,这几个词后面加动名词的格式是常考项目之一。例:四级试题

Your hair wants _________. You'd better have it done tomorrow.

A) cut  B) to cut   C) cutting   D) being cut

本题的want等于need,是一种口语习惯用法,后面接动名词主动形式表被动。此时,动名词和主语之间是动宾关系。本句的意思是:"你的头发该理了,最好明天就去理。"因此,本题答案是C) cutting.选项A)的cut是过去分词,可以用在want后面,但只能做宾语补足语。选项B) to cut是动词不定式的主动形式,与want连用时表示谓语动词主体的一种愿望,放在本句中显然意思不通。头发怎么会有什么愿望呢? D) being cut与语法规定不相符,因为使用动名词时要求用主动形式。所以这三个选项都不是正确答案。

但是,要注意:bear的用法与这几个词类似,但表示被动时,它后面加动名词时的形式与上述几个词不同。

This joke doesn’t repeating.这个笑话不可以说第二遍。 

She can't bear being looked down upon by others.(她无法容忍被人瞧不起。)

She can't bear to be looked down upon by others.(她无法容忍被人瞧不起。)

She can't bear looking down upon others.(她无法容忍瞧不起别人(的行为)。)

can’t bear(不能忍受)后可接不定式或动名词,

但不要把两者 混合起来用 can’t bear to doing 这样的形式。

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