延续性动词(Durative verbs)

2017-07-20   手机访问

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动词(Verb)根所动作是否延续可分为延续性动词(Durative verbs)和非延续性动词(Non-durative Verbs)。延续性动词就是指所表示的动作可以延续的动词。如:study, work, stand, lie, know, walk, keep, have, wait, watch, sing, read, sleep, live, stay等。

例句:

It rained for three days. 下了三天雨。(rain为延续性动词) 

He stayed away from the class for two days. 他两天没去上课。(stay为延续性动词) 

I waited for you for half an hour. 我等了你半个钟头。(wait为延续性动词) 

We watched the country out of the window. 从窗口我们眺望田野。(watch为延续性动词)

He read through the pages slowly and carefully. 他慢慢地仔细阅读每一页。(read为延续性动词)

hey were all singing the same song. 他们全都在唱同一首歌。(sing为延续性动词)

1、延续性动词的用法特征

1).延续性动词可以用于现在完成时,其完成时态可与表示"段时间"的状语连用。表示"段时间"的短语有:for two years, during the past three years, since last year, how long等。如:

I have learned English since I came here.自从我来到这儿就学英语了。

2).延续性动词不能与表示短暂时间的"点时间"状语连用。如:

It raind at eight yesterday morning.(误) rain为延续性动词,而at eight表示"点时间",前后显然矛盾。如果用延续性动词表示一瞬间的动作,可以借助come, begin, get等终止性动词来表示。上句可改为:It began to rain at eight yesterday morning.(正)又如:

-When did you get to know Jack?

-Two years ago.

-Then you've known each other for more than two years.

-That's right.

2、非延续性动词与延续性动词的转换 

1. 转换为相应的延续性动词,用于现在完成时。 

borrow — keep

buy — have   

put on — wear      

catch a cold — have a cold     

get to know — know                        

get to sleep — sleep 

2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” 

begin / start — be on

go out — be out

close — be closed

open — be open

get to/arrive/reach — be (in)

die — be dead

leave — be away

finish — be over 

fall sleep — be asleep

join — be in/be a member of  

become — be make 

friends — be friends 

come/go/ — be + 相应的介词短语

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