问号(Question Mark “?”) 的用法

来源于未知   雪域流沙发布   2017-07-25 17:31更新  浏览

英语和汉语一样表示疑问的句子一般需要用到问号,但有时表示委婉或在间接句不用问号,关于英语中问号的用法总结如下:

1、在一个直接疑问句后一般要用问号“?”。如:

What is she doing tonight? 她今晚要做什么?
What is your name? 你叫什么名字?
Do you speak Italian? 他讲意大利语吗?
You're spanish, aren't you? 你是西班牙人,是吗?
He should quit smoking, shouldn't he? 他应该戒烟,是吗?
They're not doing very well, are they? 他们做得不是很好,是吗?

注意:不要在一个间接问题的结尾加上问号

The instructor asked the students what they were doing. 老师问学生们在做什么。
He asked me what my name was. 他问我叫什么名字。
She asked if I was Spanish. 她问我是否是西班牙人。
Ask them where they are going. 问他们将要去哪里。
I wonder if Cheney will run for vice president again. 我不知道切尼是否会再次竞选副总统。
I wonder whether Cheney will run again. 我不知道切尼是否还会再跑。

2、有时候,一个问题会有一系列简短的小问题。当这种情况发生时,特别是当简短的问题或多或少是对主要问题的后续问题时,每一个小问题都可以以小写字母开头,并以问号结束。例如:

Who is responsible for executing the plan? the coach? the coaching staff? the players?
谁负责执行计划?教练?教练组?球员?

3、用于表达不确定

可使用问号表示不确定,标注在圆括号或方括号中。一些专家会在不确定的词和左括号之间留出一个空格,另一些专家则省略此等空格,用例如下:

The patient reported taking 15(?) milligrams of alprazolam.

According to his biographer, Smith “bought the company in 1985 [1984?], but wasn’t actively engaged in its management until 1990.”

4、著作标题含有问号的情况

与上述例子不同,若问号是著作标题的一部分,则按句法要求保留逗号。

Have you read Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, the Philip Dick novel that inspired the movie Blade Runner?
“Is He Living or Is He Dead?,” by Mark Twain, is one of my favorite stories.

带有问号的标题出现在句末,且句子本身应以问号或句号结束时,省略应加的问号或句号。

Have you read Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?
I have not read Mark Twain’s “Is He Living or Is He Dead?”

5、当一个问题以一个缩写结束时,缩写后应该有句点,然后加问号。如:

Didn't he use to live in Washington, D.C.?

6、请求

以疑问形式表达的请求要以句号结尾。如:

Would you please send this report to the person indicated on the cover.

Would everyone in the room who hasn't received an ID card please move to the front of the line.

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