while的用法

2016-12-09 by 巴士英语 浏览【字体:   手机访问

手机扫二维码访问该网页

词典解释

while 英[waɪl] 美[hwaɪl, waɪl]

conj. 而; 虽然; 在…期间; 与…同时;

n. (一段) 时间;

vt. 消磨,打发(时间); (愉快而懒散地)度过(时间)(常与 away 连用) ;

第三人称单数:whiles 复数:whiles 现在分词:whiling 过去式:whiled 过去分词:whiled

while的用法详解

一、 while 用作名词时,意为“一段时间,一会儿”。例如:

1.I stayed there for a short while. (我在那儿呆了一小会儿。)

2.The postman came a short while ago. (邮递员刚刚来过。)

3.She likes to lie down for a while after lunch. 她喜欢午饭后躺一会儿。 

二、 while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:

1. 意为“当……时候,和……同时”,引导时间状语从句。例如:

While I was watching TV, the bell rang. (我看电视时,铃响了。)

Meimei watched TV while she ate her supper. (梅梅边吃晚饭边看电视。)

2. 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。例如:

While it was late, he went on working. (虽然很晚了,但他还在继续工作。)

While he is in poor health, he works hard. (虽然他身体不好,但他还是努力工作。)

3.引导条件状语从句 相当于as long as,译作“只要”。例如:

While there is life, there is hope. (有生命,就有希望。)

While a spark of life remains, it is a doctor's duty to save the patient.

(只要病人还有一息生机,医生就有责任挽救。 )

4.引导原因状语从句, 相当于since, 有“既然”的意思。例如:

You'll never save any money while you're so extravagant. (你这么奢侈,永远存不下钱来。 )

I'd like to get it settled today while we're at it. (既然我们着手干了,我想今天就把它干完。 )

5. 连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。例如:

He went out for a walk, while I stayed at home. (他出去散步了,而我却呆在家里。)

I like singing while she likes dancing. (我喜欢唱歌,而她喜欢跳舞。)

You like sports, while I prefer music. (你喜欢体育,而我更喜欢音乐。)

三、 while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:

1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。例如:

While he was tired, he went on working. (虽然他累了,但他还是继续工作。)

( while 引导让步状语从句)

While he was tired, he would have a rest. (他累了就休息一会儿。)

( while 引导时间状语从句)

2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。例如:

While he was ill, he went there. (= While ill,he went there.)

(虽然他有病,但他还是去那里了。)

3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意:while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词。当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换。例如:

While we were talking, the teacher came in. (我们正在谈话时,老师进来了。)

The bus had left when we arrived at the bus stop. (当我们到达车站时,公共汽车已经开走了。)

arrive是非延续性动词,因此,此句中的 when 不能用 while 替换。

When / While we were having a meeting, our teacher came in.

(我们正在开会时,老师走了进来。)

have 是延续性动词,因此,句中的 when 可以用 while 替换。

4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。例如:

While the teacher was speaking, the students were listening.

(老师讲课时,学生们在听。)

While he was writing, I was reading.

四.while,when,as的用法区别

都译为“当…的时候”,区别为:when后的从句谓语动词既可是延续性动词,也可是短暂性动词,而且还可作并列连词,译为“这时”。

但以下句型一定用when,作并列连词:

句型A:be about to do…when…正要做…这时(发生另一事)

句型B:was/were doing…when…正在…这时(发生另一事)

句型C:had done…when…刚要做…这时(发生另一事)

1.We were about to set out when it began to rain. 我们刚要出发天突然下雨了。

2.He had hardly sat down when his mobile rang. 他刚一坐下手机就响了。

3.I was walking along the bank of the river when I fell into it. 我正沿河岸散步突然掉进水里。

while后的从句谓语动词只能是延续性动词,强调主从句的两个动词同时发生; while也可作并列连词,表示两个动作的对比,译为“而”“然而”。

as则表示两个变化中的动作的同时性,译为“一边…一边…”。

1.While his mother was cooking in the kitchen,the boy fell asleep in the chair. (在一个延续动作过程中发生另一个动作)

2.He hurried home,looking behind as he went. 他匆匆回家,边走边往后看。

网友评论

()交流QQ群238230767

猜你喜欢

热点推荐

猜你感兴趣