陈述句

陈述句

英语句子按其使用目的可将其分类为:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句

陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法的句子。它包括肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。

一、陈述句的肯定式

陈述句的肯定式即肯定陈述句,它的谓语结构中不含否定词,例如

He is a student.
他是一个学生。

She lives in Nanjing.
她住在南京。

I can swin.
我会游泳。

Mr. Black will go to Beijing on business tomorrow.
布莱克先生明天将去北京出差。

Jane bought some new clothes yesterday.
珍妮昨天买了一些新衣服。

二、陈述句的否定式

陈述句的否定式即否定陈述句,它的谓语结构中含有否定词如 not(不),no(不,没有), never(从不), nothing(没有什么),none 没有人),few(几乎没有,后跟可数名词), little(几乎没有,后跟不可数名词),seldom(很少),hardly(几乎不)等。例如:

He never goes to work late.
他上班从来不迟到。

This is not my bag.
这不是我的包

I can' t swin.
我不会游泳。

She didn' t find her book.
她没有找到她的书。

He won' t get up early tomorrow morning.
他明天早上将不会早起。

We have no school on Saturday or Sunday.
我们星期六和星期天不上学。

三、将肯定句改为否定句的方法

(1) 如果句子中有 be 动词(am,is,are,was,were)will或 shall、情态动词(can,could,must,need,may等)的时候,只需在这些词后面加 not,例如:

① My father is an engineer.
我父亲是一位工程师。
My father is not (=isnt) an engineer

② There were many shops near our school two years ago.
两年前我们学校附近有很多商店。
There were not (=weren't) many shops near our school two years ago

③ He can play Chinese chess very well.
他中国象棋下得很好。
He cannot(= can't) play Chinese chess very well.

④ I should go home at once,
我应该马上回家。
I should not(= shouldn’t) go home at once

⑤ He will walk the dog after supper.
他晚饭后将去遛狗。
He will not(= won’t) walk the dog after supper.

⑥ We shall have a sports meet next week.
下周我们将举行运动会。
We shall not (shan't) have a sports meet next week

注意:肯定句中的 some(一些),在改成否定句时,要把 some 改成 any,

(2) 如果句子中没有be动词助动词will或shall,情态动词,则要借助助动词don’t. doesnt或 didn’t,把它们放在主语的后面,再加上动词原形构成否定句,例如:

① I like listening to pop music.
我喜欢听流行音乐
I don't like listening to pop musIc,

② Sandy goes to school by bus every day.
桑迪每天乘公交车去上学
Sandy doesn t go to school by bus every day.

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